Factores del Comportamiento de Compra y Estrategias de Marketing Mix en los Consumidores de Restaurantes de Comida Saludable de Trujillo – 2018

La presente investigación tiene como título “Factores del comportamiento de compra y estrategias de marketing mix en los consumidores de restaurantes de comida saludable de Trujillo – 2018, que tiene como objetivo general Determinar la relación entre los factores del comportamiento de compra y las estrategias de marketing mix. Los factores del comportamiento de compra se pudo medir mediante sus dimensiones: factor cultural, factor social, factor personal y factor psicológico, así mismo el marketing mix con las 7ps: precio, producto, promoción, plaza, proceso, persona y evidencia física. La metodología utilizada fue correlacional, con un diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Para medir las variables mencionadas se tomó una población de 385 clientes de los restaurantes de comida saludable de Trujillo, a quienes se les aplico una encuesta como instrumento de medición, en una escala de Likert de 5 categorías. Los instrumentos fueron validados por expertos, por otro lado, la confiabilidad de este estudio de investigación se obtuvo mediante el alfa de cronbach, que tuvo como resultado para la primera variable 0.815 y para la segunda 0.802. Posteriormente todos los datos obtenidos fueron realizados en el programa SPSS versión 22, teniendo como hipótesis general que si existe relación significativa entre los factores del comportamiento de compra y las estrategias de marketing mix en los consumidores de restaurantes de comida saludable de Trujillo, 2018; se aplicó la prueba Rho de Spearman que nos muestra un coeficiente de correlación de 0,713 y una significación bilateral de 0,000; concluyendo que si existe relación entre los factores del comportamiento de compra y las estrategias de marketing mix, así mismo las dimensiones: factor cultural, factor social, factor personal y factor psicológico en relación a las estrategias de marketing mix se pudo evidenciar que si existe relación

The Metabolic Core and Catalytic Switches Are Fundamental Elements in the Self-Regulation of the Systemic Metabolic Structure of Cells

[Background] Experimental observations and numerical studies with dissipative metabolic networks have shown that cellular enzymatic activity self-organizes spontaneously leading to the emergence of a metabolic core formed by a set of enzymatic reactions which are always active under all environmental conditions, while the rest of catalytic processes are only intermittently active. The reactions of the metabolic core are essential for biomass formation and to assure optimal metabolic performance. The on-off catalytic reactions and the metabolic core are essential elements of a Systemic Metabolic Structure which seems to be a key feature common to all cellular organisms. [Methodology/Principal Findings] In order to investigate the functional importance of the metabolic core we have studied different catalytic patterns of a dissipative metabolic network under different external conditions. The emerging biochemical data have been analysed using information-based dynamic tools, such as Pearson's correlation and Transfer Entropy (which measures effective functionality). Our results show that a functional structure of effective connectivity emerges which is dynamical and characterized by significant variations of bio-molecular information flows. [Conclusions/Significance] We have quantified essential aspects of the metabolic core functionality. The always active enzymatic reactions form a hub –with a high degree of effective connectivity- exhibiting a wide range of functional information values being able to act either as a source or as a sink of bio-molecular causal interactions. Likewise, we have found that the metabolic core is an essential part of an emergent functional structure characterized by catalytic modules and metabolic switches which allow critical transitions in enzymatic activity. Both, the metabolic core and the catalytic switches in which also intermittently-active enzymes are involved seem to be fundamental elements in the self-regulation of the Systemic Metabolic Structure.Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC),grant 201020I026. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN). Programa Ramon y Cajal. Campus de Excelencia Internacional CEI BioTIC GENIL, grant PYR-2010-14. Junta de Andalucia, grant P09-FQM-4682

On the generation of asymmetric warps in disk galaxies

The warps in many spiral galaxies are now known to asymmetric. Recent sensitive observations have revealed that asymmetry of warps may be the norm rather than exception. However there exists no generic mechanism to generate these asymmetries in warps. We have derived the dispersion relation in a compact form for the S-shaped warps(described by the m=1 mode) and the bowl-shaped distribution(described by the m=0 mode) in galactic disk embedded in a dark matter halo. We then performed the numerical modal analysis and used the linear and time-dependent superposition principle to generate asymmetric warps in the disk. On doing the modal analysis we find the frequency of the $m=0$ mode is much larger than that of the $m=1$ mode. The linear and time-dependent superposition of these modes with their unmodulated amplitudes(that is, the coefficients of superposition being unity) results in an asymmetry in warps of ~ 20 - 40 %, whereas a smaller coefficient for the m=0 mode results in a smaller asymmetry. The resulting values agree well with the recent observations. We study the dependence of the asymmetry index on the dark matter halo parameters. This approach can also naturally produce U-shaped warps and L-shaped warps. We show that a rich variety of possible asymmetries in the z-distribution of the spiral galaxies can naturally arise due to a dynamical wave interference between the first two bending modes(i.e. m=0 and m=1) in the disk. This is a simple but general method for generating asymmetric warps that is independent of how the individual modes arise in the disk.Comment: Accepted for publication in A &

Related Factors of Anemia in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Anemia; Blood; Practice managementAnemia; Sangre; Gestión prácticaAnèmia; Sang; Gestió pràcticaAnemia is common in critically ill patients; almost 95% of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) have hemoglobin levels below normal. Several causes may explain this phenomenon as well as the tendency to transfuse patients without adequate cause: due to a lack of adherence to protocols, lack of supervision, incomplete transfusion request forms, or a lack of knowledge about the indications, risks, and costs of transfusions. Daily sampling to monitor the coagulation parameters and the acid–base balance can aggravate anemia as the main iatrogenic factor in its production. We studied the association and importance of iatrogenic blood loss and other factors in the incidence of anemia in ICUs. We performed a prospective, observational, multicenter study in five Spanish hospitals. A total of 142 patients with a median age of 58 years (IQI: 48–69), 71.83% male and 28.17% female, were admitted to ICUs without a diagnosis of iatrogenic anemia. During their ICU stay, anemia appeared in 66.90% of the sample, 95 patients, (95% CI: 58.51–74.56%). Risk factors associated with the occurrence of iatrogenic anemia were arterial catheter insertion (72.63% vs. 46.81%, p-value = 0.003), venous catheter insertion (87.37% vs. 72.34%, p-value = 0.023), drainages (33.68% vs. 12. 77%, p-value = 0.038), and ICU stay, where the longer the stay, the higher the rate of iatrogenic anemia (p-value < 0.001). We concluded that there was a statistical significance in the production of iatrogenic anemia due to the daily sampling for laboratory monitoring and critical procedures in intensive care units. The implementation of patient blood management programs could address these issues

Early Life Programming of Abdominal Adiposity in Adolescents: The HELENA Study

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between birth weight and abdominal adiposity in adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 284 adolescents (49.3% of whom were female) aged 14.9 +/- 1.2 years were included in the study. Birth weight and gestational age were obtained from parental records. Abdominal adiposity (in three regions: R1, R2, and R3) and trunk and total body fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Regional fat mass indexes (FMIs) were thereafter calculated as fat mass divided by the square of height (Trunk FMI and abdominal FMI R1, R2, and R3). RESULTS: Birth weight was negatively associated with abdominal FMI R1, R2, and R3 independently of total fat mass, gestational age, sex, breast-feeding duration, pubertal stage, physical activity, and socioeconomic status (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows an inverse association between birth weight and abdominal adiposity in adolescents independently of total fat mass and other potential confounders. These findings suggest that fetal nutrition, as reflected by birth weight, may have a programming effect on abdominal adiposity later in life.The HELENA study was carried out with the financial support of the European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme (contract no. FOOD-CT-2005-007034). This work was also partially supported by the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (to F.A.S.), the Spanish Ministry of Education (EX-2007-1124), and the Spanish Ministry of Health: Maternal, Child Health and Development Network (RD08/ 0072)

Genomic analysis of Mycobacterium brumae sustains its nonpathogenic and immunogenic phenotype

Mycobacterium brumae is a rapid-growing, non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species, originally isolated from environmental and human samples in Barcelona, Spain. Mycobacterium brumae is not pathogenic and it's in vitro phenotype and immunogenic properties have been well characterized. However, the knowledge of its underlying genetic composition is still incomplete. In this study, we first describe the 4 Mb genome of the M. brumae type strain ATCC 51384T assembling PacBio reads, and second, we assess the low intraspecies variability by comparing the type strain with Illumina reads from three additional strains. Mycobacterium brumae genome is composed of a circular chromosome with a high GC content of 69.2% and containing 3,791 CDSs, 97 pseudogenes, one prophage and no CRISPR loci. Mycobacterium brumae has shown no pathogenic potential in in vivo experiments, and our genomic analysis confirms its phylogenetic position with other non-pathogenic and rapid growing mycobacteria. Accordingly, we determined the absence of virulence-related genes, such as ESX-1 locus and most PE/PPE genes, among others. Although the immunogenic potential of M. brumae was proved to be as high as Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the only mycobacteria licensed to treat cancer, the genomic content of M. tuberculosis T cell and B cell antigens in M. brumae genome is considerably lower than those antigens present in M. bovis BCG genome. Overall, this work provides relevant genomic data on one of the species of the mycobacterial genus with high therapeutic potential

A Statistical Approach to Macrofungal Diversity in a Mediterranean Ecosystem of the Iberian Peninsula Dominated by the Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.)

The fungal biodiversity associated with a stable plant community appears to vary from year to year. To analyse the annual behaviour in the formation of fruiting bodies, a statistical study of the data obtained for 4 years (2009–2012) in an apparently undisturbed Mediterranean ecosystem dominated by the holm oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.), located in the Midwest of the Iberian Peninsula, was carried out. These data were related to the main meteorological variables. The 150 species collected showed a significant annual, monthly, and weekly difference in their fruiting during the collection period. All this implies a variation in the annual fungal fruiting which can modify the moment of when maximum peaks of fruiting appear, their duration, and the number of species that compose them. In addition, the results make it possible to establish an annual behaviour pattern, with sporocarp formation throughout the year and four fruiting groups (two of them in the dry season). They also allow for inferring a possible response to climate change, with a delay in the fruiting of the autumn-winter group and earlier fruit bearing in the winter-spring group.macrofungifield samplingfungal fruitingMediterranean forestsQuercus ilexPublishe

Field and laboratory comparative evaluation of a LAMP assay for the diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis in Cubal, Central Angola

Objetive: To evaluate the performance of Rapid-Heat LAMPellet assay in field conditions for diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis in an endemic area in Cubal, Angola, and to assess the reproducibility in a reference laboratory. Methods: A total of 172 urine samples from school-age children were tested for microhaematuria, microscopic detection of Schistosoma haematobium eggs and LAMP for DNA detection. Urine samples were stored in a basic equipped laboratory. Field-LAMP tests were performed with and without prior DNA extraction from urine samples, and the results were read by turbidity and by colour change. When field procedures were finished, samples were sent to a reference laboratory to be reanalysed by LAMP. Results: A total of 83 of 172 (48.3%) were positive for microhaematuria, 87/172 (50.6%) were microscopy-positive for S. haematobium eggs detection, and 127/172 (73.8%) showed LAMP-positive results for detecting S. haematobium using purified DNA and 109/172 (63.4%) without prior DNA extraction. MacNemar's test showed a statistical significant relation between LAMP results and microscopy-detected S. haematobium infections and microhaematuria (P < 0.001 in both cases), respectively. When samples of purified DNA were reanalysed in a reference laboratory in Spain using the same LAMP methodology, the overall reproducibility achieved 72.1%. Conclusions: The ease of use, simplicity and feasibility demonstrated by LAMP assay in field conditions together with the acceptable level of reproducibility achieved in a reference laboratory support the use of LAMP assay as an effective test for molecular diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis in endemic remote areas.This study was supported by Mundo Sano Foundation (www.mundosano.org) and by the Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain (www.isciii.es), grants: RICET RD16/0027/0018, DTS16/00207, PI16/01784 European Union cofinancing by FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’.S

Psychological impact on care professionals due to the SARS-Cov-2 virus in Spain

Objective:To analyze the psychological impact of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic on nursesin Spain in three different dimensions: exposure to stressors, perceived emotions, andstress coping. Background: On March 11, 2019, the World Health Organization recognized a globalpandemic caused by a SARS-Cov-2 virus, COVID-19, which rapidly spread across theplanet, involving a community health emergency of international scope.Introduction:The pandemic situation in health centers has led to significant changesin the work environment, compromising care professionals’ physical and psychologicalhealth and resulting in strong physical and mental exhaustion.Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, betweenFebruary and April 2021, in a large sample of 1360 participants. The researchers con-ducted the dissemination of a validated questionnaire to working nurses in Spain.Results:The sex variable in relation to the study dimensions (stressors, perceived emo-tions, and coping strategies) showed a mean for stressors of 62.2±10.5 in women and59.8±12.5 in men (p=0.010), showing statistically significant differences. Age was aprotective factor for all dimensions (p<0.001). Time of experience showed statisticallysignificant differences for stressors and coping strategies in professionals with more than15 years of experience. Discussion: Female nurses who are younger, have less work experience, have not builta family of their own, and live in smaller or indoor flats may be more vulnerable to theeffects of the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health. Other national and inter-national studies, in this line, have shown an important psychological impact on theseprofessionals.Conclusion:It is necessary to design and adopt effective strategies and measures for theprotection of nurses’ mental health, as well as for the prevention and early diagnosis ofpossible mental health problems

Related Factors of Anemia in Critically Ill Patients : A Prospective Multicenter Study

Anemia is common in critically ill patients; almost 95% of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) have hemoglobin levels below normal. Several causes may explain this phenomenon as well as the tendency to transfuse patients without adequate cause: due to a lack of adherence to protocols, lack of supervision, incomplete transfusion request forms, or a lack of knowledge about the indications, risks, and costs of transfusions. Daily sampling to monitor the coagulation parameters and the acid-base balance can aggravate anemia as the main iatrogenic factor in its production. We studied the association and importance of iatrogenic blood loss and other factors in the incidence of anemia in ICUs. We performed a prospective, observational, multicenter study in five Spanish hospitals. A total of 142 patients with a median age of 58 years (IQI: 48-69), 71.83% male and 28.17% female, were admitted to ICUs without a diagnosis of iatrogenic anemia. During their ICU stay, anemia appeared in 66.90% of the sample, 95 patients, (95% CI: 58.51-74.56%). Risk factors associated with the occurrence of iatrogenic anemia were arterial catheter insertion (72.63% vs. 46.81%, p -value = 0.003), venous catheter insertion (87.37% vs. 72.34%, p -value = 0.023), drainages (33.68% vs. 12. 77%, p -value = 0.038), and ICU stay, where the longer the stay, the higher the rate of iatrogenic anemia (p -value < 0.001). We concluded that there was a statistical significance in the production of iatrogenic anemia due to the daily sampling for laboratory monitoring and critical procedures in intensive care units. The implementation of patient blood management programs could address these issue